Barium Enema
Definition
Is a test to visualize & study the lower GI tract by instilling barium rectally
To detect polyps, tumors, and other lesions of the large intestine and to demnostrate any abnormal anatomy or malfunction of the bowel
Prepatation of the patient
Assess for allergy to iodine or contrast agent
Low residue diet for 1 or 2 days
Clear liquid diet
A laxative on the eve of the procdure
Nil orally after midnight
The bowel is evacuated completely by bowel wash or by Peglec until returns are clear.
The procedure
In the radiology Dept. barium is instilled rectally and fluoroscipy done. Sequential X-rays also may be taken.
Anal canal, rectum, colon, cecum, appendix and if the ileocaecal valve is not competent even part of terminal ileum are visualized.
Motility observed
Any abnormal growth or ulceration or mucosal pattern seen
Double contrast and water contrast studies can be done.
Air contrast study : thcker barium followed by air
If active inflammatory disease, fistulas, or perforation of the colon is suspected, a water-soluble iodinated contrast agent (Gastrografn) can be used
15 to 30 minutes
The contrasts used get eliminated easily.
Contraindications
Allergy
Active inflammatory disease of the colon
Signs of perforaton
Signs of intesinal obstruction - water soluble contrast may be used
Active GI bleeding
Elimination of the contrast
Laxatives
Soap & water enema
Increase fluid intake
